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Exploring the Latest Minimally Invasive Procedures and Their Outcomes in Treating Conditions Such as Kidney Stones, Prostate Cancer, and Bladder Dysfunction

1Dr Aziz ur Rahman, 2Dr Mohammad Kamran, 3Dr Asad Khalil, 4Dr Inayat ur Rehman, 5Dr Ilyas Zahoor

1Urology Department, Northwest General Hospital Peshawar

2Anaesthesia Department, Northwest General Hospital Peshawar.

3Dept of Medicine Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar

4Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University,

Mardan.

5Department of Urology, Northwest General Hospital,

Peshawar.

Abstract

Background: Minimally invasive procedures have redefined treatment algorithms in several medical specialties by offering numerous advantages over conventional surgical approaches. Compared to open surgery, minimally invasive options have led to improved quality of life and long-term outcomes in the care kidney stones, prostate cancer at various stages and bladder dysfunction.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to systematically review the efficacy, recovery times and overall clinical benefit for these modalities facilitating comparison between their effectiveness in different conditions.

Methods: A comprehensive review of literature from multiple medical references, clinical studies and case reports was conducted. Selection criteria were limited to important minimally invasive procedures, including Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for kidney stones; laparoscopic prostatectomy, robotic-assisted surgery and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound(HIFU) for prostate cancer; Botox injections in the bladder wall, Sacral Nerve Stimulation(SNS) of Bladder Urinary Tract, injection with bulking agents into submucosa on 3 or more levels, and Sling procedure to treat stress urinary continence. Data was gathered on the success rates, patient recovery times and benefits along with real-life circumstances as well as case studies.

Results: Minimally invasive treatment options for nephrolithiasis, such as ESWL and ureteroscopy procedures or PCNL demonstrated high success rates (70-95%) with rapid convalescence of the patient and advantages. The rates of cancer control for all types of prostate cancer treatment, such as laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgery in combination with radiation therapy or HIFU were high by slightly higher population. The procedures for bladder dysfunction, like Botox (meaning number of injections used), SNS, and urethral add-on sling instrumentations were able to improve symptoms as required by the patients. The significantly shorter hospital stays, lower risks of complications and faster recovery processes were identified as the main benefits of minimally invasive interventions compared with surgical ones.

Conclusion: Minimally invasive therapy yields extensive advantages for kidney stones, prostate cancer and bladder dysfunction which are mutually ripe casualties as they give the patients a competitive assistant modality against conventional surgery. Although challenges surrounding potential complications, cost and accessibility persist, the continued technological evolution of MIS strategies offers hope that patients will experience better outcomes with lower morbidity. These technologies may be further developed so that they become the future of surgical treatments and thus improve patient care in modern medicine.

Keywords: Kidney Stones , Prostate Cancer , Bladder Dysfunction , Sacral Nerve Stimulation , ESWL.

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