1Dr Aziz ur Rahman, 2Dr Mohammad Kamran, 3Dr Sajjad Ahmad, 4Dr Inayat ur Rehman, 5Dr Ilyas Zahoor, 6Dr Pervaiz Amirzada
1Urology Department, Northwest General Hospital Peshawar
2Anaesthesia Department, Northwest General Hospital Peshawar.
3Urology Department, Northwest General Hospital Peshawar
4Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan.
5Department of Urology, Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar.
6Life care Hospital, Hayatabad, Peshawar
| Abstract |
Background: OAB is one of the most common problems which are associated with symptoms like urgency, frequency, and incontinence affecting patients’ quality of life. Pharmacological therapy that targets OAB includes various medications including anticholinergic drugs, beta-3 agonists among which each has its specific action profile and side effects. Hence, while these treatments can be administered, the knowledge gap on the effectiveness and side effects of these treatments for patients of different demographics persists.
Aim: The goal of this work is to evaluate outcomes in treatment of OAB using different medications – oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin and mirabegron with comparison of effectiveness and safety in different subgroups of patients depending on age, gender and comorbidities.
Method: This present comparative study used new RCT, meta-analysis, and observational studies. Studies were informed of clinical trials, patients’ documents, and pharmacovigilance databases. Regarding the inclusion criteria, the relevance of the effects on the efficacy and safety of the medications in different populations was investigated. Characteristics of patients were compared using ANOVA and regression analysis to compare and examine the outcomes with the help of SPSS and R software.
Results: In the reviewed study it was established that oxybutynin and tolterodine provide good relief from OAB However, they pose distinct side effects especially in patients from the geriatric population. Solifenacin has comparable effectiveness to alosetron with less harm to patients’ physical well-being. This is a beta-3 adrenoceptor agonist that offers symptom control with different risks as compared to the previous option, which is hypertension. Also, efficacy and safety were significantly affected by patient characteristics, including age and comorbidity status. The survey also gathered qualitative information from patients and healthcare workers describing definite implementation dilemmas and usage experiences of these drugs.
Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a general support for the practice of personalized medicine in the treatment of OAB. Adjusting treatment options to a patient’s characteristics will help enhance the chance of a positive outcome while reducing the likelihood of side effects. Research result adds to the existing pool of knowledge regarding the efficacy of various medicines in different population groups, which is informative for tasks of medical practice and public health legislation.
Keywords: Overactive Bladder, OAB, efficacy, safety, anticholinergics, beta-3 agonists, patient demographics, personalized medicine